A treatment of the 21 genera, 93 species, one subspecies, and four varieties of Ericaceae currently known from within the political borders of Costa Rica as well as those taxa currently known from the adjacent Chiriquí highlands of western Panama is herewith presented. Seventy-one of the 93 total species, the one subspecies, and three of the four varieties are found in Costa Rica, of which 19 species, the one subspecies, and two of the four varieties are endemic there. The conservation status of each species is given based on 35 years of collecting experience and the numbers of herbarium specimens extant. Habitats, habits, field characters, keys, illustrations, and discussions of species relationships are given as aids to identification.